وَاِذْ قَالَ لُقْمٰنُ لِا بْنِه وَهُوَ يَعِظُهٗ يٰبُنَىَّ لَا تُشْرِكْ بِاللّٰهِ اِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَـظُلْمٌ عَظِيْمٌ (13) وَوَصَّيْنَا الْاِنْسٰنَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ اُمُّهٗ وَهْنًا عَلٰى وَهْنٍ وَّفِصٰلُهٗ فِىْ عَامَيْنِ اَنِ اشْكُرْ لِىْ وَلِـوَالِدَيْكَ اِلَىَّ الْمَصِيْرُ (14) وَاِنْ جَاهَدٰكَ عَلٰٓى اَنْ تُشْرِكَ بِىْ مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِه عِلْمٌ فَلَا تُطِعْهُمَا وَصَاحِبْهُمَا فِى الدُّنْيَا مَعْرُوْفًا وَّاتَّبِعْ سَبِيْلَ مَنْ اَنَابَ اِلَىَّ ثُمَّ اِلَىَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَاُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُوْنَ (15) يٰبُنَىَّ اِنَّهَاۤ اِنْ تَكُ مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةٍ مِّنْ خَرْدَلٍ فَتَكُنْ فِىْ صَخْرَةٍ اَوْ فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ اَوْ فِى الْاَرْضِ يَاْتِ بِهَا اللّٰهُ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَطِيْفٌ خَبِيْرٌ (16) يٰبُنَىَّ اَقِمِ الصَّلٰوةَ وَاْمُرْ بِالْمَعْرُوْفِ وَانْهَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَاصْبِرْ عَلٰى مَاۤ اَصَابَكَ اِنَّ ذٰلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ الْاُمُوْرِ (17) وَلَا تُصَعِّرْ خَدَّكَ لِلنَّاسِ وَلَا تَمْشِ فِى الْاَرْضِ مَرَحًا اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ مُخْتَالٍ فَخُوْرٍ (18) وَاقْصِدْ فِىْ مَشْيِكَ وَاغْضُضْ مِنْ صَوْتِكَ اِنَّ اَنْكَرَ الْاَصْوَاتِ لَصَوْتُ الْحَمِيْرِ (19)
Quran Ayah Data not found….for Surah:31, Ayah:13 and Translation:24
Quran Surah:31 Ayah:13-19
“13. (Remember) when Luqman said tohis son, while he was advising him,“My dear son, do not ascribe partnersto Allah. Indeed, ascribing partners toAllah (shirk) is grave transgression.”We commanded man (to be good)in respect of his parents. His mothercarried him (in her womb) despiteweakness upon weakness, and hisweaning is in two years. (We said toman,) “Be grateful to Me, and to yourparents. To Me is the ultimate return.However, if they force you toascribe partners to Me about whomyou (can) have no (source of)knowledge, then do not obey them.Remain with them in this world withdue fairness, but follow the way of theone who has turned himself towardsMe. Then, towards Me is your return,so I shall tell you what you had beendoing.”(Luqman went on saying to hisson,) “My dear son, in fact, if there beanything to the measure of a grain ofrye, and it be (hidden) in a rock or inthe heavens or in the earth, Allah willbring it forth. Surely, Allah is All-Fine, All-Aware.17. My dear son, establish Salah , andbid the Fair and forbid the Unfair, andobserve patience on what befalls you.Surely, this is among the matters ofdetermination;18. and do not turn your cheek awayfrom people, and do not walk on theearth haughtily. Surely, Allah does notlike anyone who is arrogant, proud;19. and be moderate in your walk, andlower your voice. Surely, the ugliest ofvoices is the voice of the donkeys.”
Surah Luqman is a Makki Surah. HazratLuqman was a well-known wise and sage of his time and hence the Arabs held him in high esteem. There was a very famous compilation of his wise saying named “Luqman’s treatise”. It appears in some traditions that when the Holy Prophet ﷺfirst met an Ansari companion named Suwaid bin Samit (R.T.A.), he specially read out before him some sayings from that treatise which the Holy Prophet ﷺliked very much and told him that he had far better than it. It was then that when he recited it before him, he was too impressed with it that immediately accepted Islam.
In the verses appearing above, there are some advices given by HazratLuqman to his son. The reason to quote them here is that the the youths who were converting to Islam by dint of invitation given to them by the the Holy Prophet ﷺwere forced to renounce Islam and be adherent to practiceidolatry and infidelity, the very religion followed by their forefathers. Through these verses it is the fact brought home to the same kinds of offspring that it was the practice of their very beloved personality, Luqman that he would recommend his offspring to avoid idolatry and polytheism while it is you who force your children which is nothing but worst of wishing rather than well-wishing.
According to Urdu language, the word ‘وصیۃ’ literally means the recommendation or advice given to some by the elders or the parents during the days or time closer to their demise. Since this type of advice or will occupies an important place, generally, the people do their best to fulfill or act upon it. As regard to according to Arabic language, this word is not limited to the same sense, rather it refers to every saying or instruction said to someone having laid special emphasize on it.
Through these verses besides addressing the disbelievers, a great emphasize has been laid on remaining obedient to the parents of each and every body. As well as, these verses contain a lot of points of guidance and instructions for the parents. They are as follows:
- The parents must make a testament to their subordinates and offspring with regard to important things which also had been a ordinary practice of our spiritual elders. There also had been mentioned some advices in the Holy Qura’n given by Hazrat Ibrahim AnhdYaqub (A.S.). The rulers would specially make the last wills to their offspring while giving them their posts after their death. Regretfully, the same custom and practice seems to cease in this modern westernizes civilization. In fact, it requires to be maintained in this age since it leaves lasting impressions.
- Normally, it has been customary to leave a will with regard to wealth, property and other domestic and personal affairs, but the ideal way of making a last will through these verses really reflects so extraordinary, universal and exemplary point of view. Now, let’s consider the important points mentioned below:
Besides recommending avoiding the infidelityand retrieval of beliefs, through these verses, there also has been drawn attention towards the reformation of deeds through emphasizing on the establishment of Salah. Besides encouraging reformation of the society through advising the noble deeds by enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong, there also has been taught the etiquette through recommendingavoiding the arrogance and practice moderation and developing pleasing way of speech.
Once we consider all theses points, we come to the conclusion that there is hardly any aspect of life left unguided. In fact, it is really an all-round and comprehensive kind of advice. Do all the parents really take all these advices into account? No, not at all.Hence, we need to take it into consideration and abide by them.
- Another most important thing we come to know through these verses is that what things we should prefer in advice. Since, while giving advices, HazratLuqman (A.S.) preferred avoiding polytheism, it does indicate that it was the most serious act to him. Even these days, it is something about which the parents should be rather concerned. They must prefer the same thing in their advices.
- Normally, these days, the parents think that they should go on their own way rather than being concerned about others. It is the same thing they recommend their offspring while it is absolutely anti-social practice. The parents of the nature of this kind need to ponder over the very advice given by HazratLuqman (A.S.) in the words “And bid the Fair and forbid the Unfair, and observe patience on what befalls you. Surely, this is among the matters of determination” – so to speak – through this advice he recommended his son to be concerned about affairs of his society and make all attempts to deal with them, since without improving his society, no one can lead a better life. If a society is corrupted, even he can be affected with its bad consequences. Hence, it is must for the parents to give the advices to their offspring just like those of given by HazratLuqman (A.S.) and recommend them to abide by them so that it paves way for the reformation rather than prevailing corruption.